Nutrition of the young mother

Basic ideas on food for expectant mothers

The balance at every meal is easy, five food groups should be represented at every meal: meat, fish or eggs, dairy products, vegetables and fruits, cereals, potatoes, pulses, bread, fat ; water at will.

The balance of the main course

Meat, sausage, egg, cheese exclusive during the same meal (except in small amounts in the realization of a flat).

Meat can be replaced by fish or a dish combining grains and dairy (or eggs or fish) "Joint complementation" grains and legumes "complementation vegetarian.

The balance of the meal

Bread at every meal.

A dairy product per meal.

A dish enough protein at every meal.

Water table (the only essential beverage).

The balance of the day

A "real" breakfast. Meat only once a day. Raw vegetables or salad seasoned with oil at least once a day. Vegetable leather or a vegetable soup at least once a day. Fresh fruit once or twice daily with meals.

The balance of the week

Cold cuts, chips once every ten days at most. No more than 5 to 6 eggs per week. Fish at least twice a week. A pastry once or twice a week at most. About a demiplaquette butter (125 g) per week.

Dr. J. M. Lecerf (Institut Pasteur de Lille)

Prenatal massage

This is a massage technique performed on pregnant women. This form of therapy helps to take care of the health of the mother, acting on several points. It is done on all areas that are directly or indirectly related to the tensions pregnancy , the top of the neck to toes. Due to the weight it supports, the body of a pregnant woman encounters some inconveniences, and faces many imbalances. It feels both physically and mentally. Prenatal massage is prescribed for pregnant women find serenity and accepts the changes taking place on his body.

A prenatal massage

For a prenatal massage, the mother is usually supine or side. Some experts, however, use of massage tables, specially adapted for pregnant women to enable them to lie on his stomach. The practitioner's work is highlighted on the body parts that are most painful. These include back, lumbar , and the entire lower body like thighs, knees, legs and feet. It is important to know that the use of massage oil is prohibited in prenatal massage. Only neutral oils or certain types of vegetable oils may be employed. A prenatal massage session lasts between thirty minutes and a half hours.

Benefits of Prenatal Massage

A prenatal massage is particularly suited to relieve physical pain caused by pregnancy and helps maintain appropriate posture. Prenatal massage is also an opportunity for pregnant women free themselves from all forms of stress. Indeed, according to studies conducted, it was concluded that this type of massage significantly reduces the production of stress hormones. It should be noted that prenatal massage is not a method of childbirth preparation, although it may help the mother to be mentally prepared. After a massage, a pregnant woman immediately feels lighter. It is also more in keeping with his new body.

Cons-indications of prenatal massage

First and foremost, you must know that a massage, whatever can be done on a pregnant woman before her fourth month of pregnancy. Indeed, the first quarter was a decisive moment because it is the stage during which the embryo is stabilized. Other than that, like all other techniques, prenatal massage has some cons-indications. It is therefore advisable to get a massage for women who are prone to diabetes or to hypertension . This technique is also not recommended for those with a contagious disease, fever, diarrhea or pain in the abdomen. Basically, prenatal massage is not suitable if the mother has any unusual pain or symptoms of fatigue.

Important details about yoga during pregnancy

Will agree that some doctors practice a large program in the right context and will help you feel good during pregnancy. And the exercise of a little light when you are pregnant gives huge benefits to help you carry your child and will also enhance levels of enegy. Make things much easier during the birth process as well.

If you have been exercising before pregnancy, it is likely that you will adapt to the pregnancy much easier than someone who has not. It is never late to start though. Practice when a really good plan when pregnant prenatal yoga. Giving you a great psychological and spiritual benefits, prenatal yoga will help to build the body during pregnancy. The asanas, or poses will help you along the body to another dimension, to alleviate the pain brought by the newly established and pains during pregnancy. It will also help you to stay focused and calm at all times. Back problems are common during pregnancy, prenatal yoga really help you to alleviate this type of pain.

So the sooner you get started the better. With the launch at any moment during the pregnancy benefits. It is also recommended to check with your doctor and gynecologist before the start of pre-natal yoga. Choose a coach or trainer in the techniques of yoga before the birth. Not all trainers are aware of the differences between yoga and prenatal.

If you do happen to join a regular yoga class, to allow the coach know you are pregnant, as well as what you are now in the third.

Exercise when pregnant is important in terms of maintaining the correct position. If you have not so good, especially on any given day and then give your exercise routine miss. There are certain exercises you should avoid like lying on your stomach or jumping. As you get heavier you may find that situations become uncontrollable. Do not worry, prenatal yoga, is also a great way to build a relationship with your child in the womb and the use of breathing techniques to help you build up to the birth of the good.

When your little precious gem has arrived, make sure you do not give up the practice of yoga. Consult your doctor if you have any complications, but should be good to go again after about 6 weeks after birth. Exercise done at this stage strengthens the muscles of the abdomen and pelvis. Not to mention, it does wonders to restore the previous yourself, without a lot of work.

Disorders of pregnancy

The Many pregnant women spend the period of pregnancy in good health, standing, their beauty and femininity shape, but some of them face the usual disorders of pregnancy and found that medically it can be mitigated, however, some disorders during pregnancy can be a real warning, and here you should consult your doctor.

Here are some clarifications on the Madam of these disorders and how to reduce and when required to consult a doctor.

Nausea and vomiting:

Repeated nausea and vomiting in the first three months of pregnancy because of the coup and this hormone in the body, but when I continue to nausea and vomiting despite medication and the loss of more than four kilograms of weight you should consult a doctor without delay.

Tips:

Ease meals especially breakfast, and best dealt with in bed, and must stay away from nuisance odors am like the smell of frying, smoke .. And can help you doctor may prescribe tablets or anti-nausea suppositories.

Abundance of vaginal secretions:

When the discharge white and without the smell is normal, but when coupled flushed vagina with itching or burning or become secretions colored and smelly, it means that there is an inflammatory or septic, and not treated lead to infection of the fetus or uterine contractions can cause abortion or premature birth.

Hemorrhoids:

The problems of constipation and stagnant blood in the veins of the pelvis during pregnancy are the most important conditions for the emergence of hemorrhoids, and when the hemorrhoids are very painful you should consult a doctor, and often is caused by a blood clot in one of the papillae hemorrhoidal in the anus that can be eradicated with an intervention operation is simple.

Tips:

Anti-constipation, and some doctors prescribe supplements for veins and anal ointments.

Constipation:

The pregnancy hormones have the effect of Mrkhia intestinal muscles become weak and thus contraction occurs constipation.

Tips:

Advised to make a lot of foods rich in fiber, which facilitates the movement of intestinal (raw vegetables, bread or wheat bran) and reducing carbohydrates and avoid legumes (beans, chickpeas, ...) and drink half a liter of water at least with every meal and the exercise of walking or swimming, and laxatives should be be taken under the supervision of a doctor.

Heartburn:

Back to heartburn intrauterine pressure on the stomach and muscle weakness that prevent the bottom of the esophagus usually acidic stomach contents rise towards the top.

Tips:

Avoid lying down directly after eating. And when the burning at night try to sleep and you are half sitting.

Make multiple meals, light and a lot of acts of food that stretch of infectious secretions such as: milk, eggs, starches, and avoid foods that increase it, such as tomatoes, citrus, fruit is fresh, spices and mustard Calffil as well as soft drinks. In the case of lack of improvement your doctor prescribes a medication to counter the acidity does not affect the conceptus.

Muscle spasms:

Muscle spasms are usually sudden and very painful.

Tips:

Doctors usually describes the doses of vitamin B and magnesium, leading to improvement. When it starts cramping, just click on each leg or Thaglk Pull the fingertips of your foot to you, or relax your leg and national massage upward.

High temperature

The high temperature warning bad so you should consult a doctor immediately, even if a slight rise. For example: If you have an infection in the ear is simple and your temperature is increased, this lead to contractions in the urinary tract.

The high heat comes from the sometimes inflammatory condition caused by food, the direct cause of fetal death if not treated quickly.

Urinary problems:

The frequency of urination during the night of unrest, especially the classic pregnancy, should not mitigate the fluid because this exacerbates urinary infections.

If you suspect from burning when urinating or difficulty in urination, it means the presence of inflammation and requires immediate treatment but will move easily to the kidneys.

The weight of the lower abdomen:

Many pregnant women complain of weight at a level because of the pubic ligaments stretch, but if accompanied by weight of this with a kind of cramps and pain of repeated treatment becomes comfortable and the lack of movement.

Tips:

Comfort and taking vitamin B.

Back pain:

Back pain to this arched back and relax ligaments and the increase resulting from the conceptus, of course.

Tips:

With the exception of paracetamol (Alcetamul), do not take any medication housing, and the best is to do a physical evaluation sessions and swimming on the back.

Swelling of the legs:

Leads to pregnancy hormones sometimes swelling in the legs with the appearance of varicose veins caused by varicose veins in the lower limbs, and this is usually associated with pain may be severe.

In this case, physicians prescribe a rubber socks that relieve pain and prevent further worsening the situation.

It also describes some of the medicines doctors tonic for veins and improved blood circulation.

Tips:

Lie down and raise the legs to be higher than the level of the body as well as walking and swimming.

Bleeding:

Bleeding may occur reproductively very lightly after sex or after a gynecological examination is normal. But in some cases the bleeding is frequent reference to the presence of infections in the cervix or vagina, and if the bleeding is a strong It shows serious problems such as separation of partial placenta, pregnancy, ectopic (outside the uterus) (Grossesse Extra-Urine) Review is the instant the doctor of the things fateful.

Gingivitis and periodontitis

In the mouth there are large amounts of bacteria. These bacteria attach themselves with leftovers onto teeth in the form of plaque. Because of this plaque can cause infection occur at the gumline. This is called gingivitis. If the infection spreading further to the jawbone we speak of periodontitis . Eventually so many jaw teeth disappear you go stand and finally failure. Once lost bone does not grow anymore. At most, the process by a periodontal treatment and good oral hygiene to be arrested.

Sensitive and bleeding gums, loose teeth, a bad taste in the mouth and bad breath may indicate that your gums are inflamed. In smokers, however, bleeding gums less likely, yet it may be inflamed. Gingivitis and periodontitis rarely give pain. This allows the gum disease go undetected. Go to the hygienist if you want the condition of your gums checked. The hygienist is specialized in gum disease and its prevention (see also hygienist ).

Mouth is the gateway to the body

Your mouth is the gateway to your body. Through your mouth, all kinds of bacteria entering your body. It appears that bacteria in infected gums can be carried through the bloodstream, allowing your body's ability to protect itself is damaged and sensitive to your illness. Good oral health contributes to your overall health and wellness. We at the Clinic for Oral Delft find a reason regular visits to the hygienist important than a visit to the dentist. The hygienist specializes in gum disease and its prevention. The hygienist also looks generally longer in your mouth and in the case of dental problems related to your dental hygienist. Additionally, you can, by providing a proper oral hygiene, dental problems like tooth decay and loss of teeth often occur.

Relationship between oral health and overall health

There is increasing awareness about the relationship between gum disease or poor oral health and certain diseases and vice versa:

Scientific research shows that people with diabetes (diabetes), a higher risk of gum disease and other oral problems than people without diabetes. Diabetes can aggravate gingivitis and periodontal disease can reverse the control of diabetes more difficult (difficulties in regulating blood glucose levels).

During pregnancy because of hormonal changes is not only a higher risk of gum disease: gingivitis and the serious, some pregnant women have an increased risk of a premature baby with low birth weight (see Pregnancy ).

Recent experience has demonstrated that poor oral hygiene and periodontal bacteria can cause pneumonia, especially in patients at increased risk. This risk can be reduced by extensive cleaning by the dental hygienist and improve oral hygiene.

Periodontitis is now increasingly seen as a risk factor for the promotion of a heart attack and to some extent a stroke. However, there is extensive research necessary to demonstrate causation.

If you already have gingivitis or periodontitis is present, this will worsen diseases such as type 1 diabetes, cancer and AIDS. Also by harmful habits ( smoking , alcohol and stress), the situation will be affected adversely in the mouth.

Medication can also strongly influence oral health. Some medicines cause a dry mouth because they affect functioning of the salivary glands.

In short, the general health and oral health influence each other. It is therefore important to ensure a good oral hygiene! Have your oral health checked by the dental hygienist.

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and PGD

Although it is not an uncommon event, it's a devastating experience to lose a pregnancy in miscarriage. If this has happened to you, you're not alone. Up to one in four pregnancies end in first trimester miscarriage and the chance increases with the age of the mother.

Having more than one miscarriage is less common and only about 1-2% of fertile couples experience three or more miscarriages. Many of these couples are afraid to try again because they don't want to face the possibility of the pain and grief of another loss.

If you've gone through the trauma of recurrent pregnancy losses, what are your reproductive options? First, many doctors recommend a medical work-up to look for potential causes for the miscarriages. This work-up may include some or all of the following tests:

evaluation of the woman's uterus; blood tests for hormone levels, infections, certain antibodies, blood clotting factors and other factors that may contribute to pregnancy loss, and other specific tests on either member of the couple as indicated by their medical histories.

In addition, it is a standard that couples who have had three (sometimes two) or more first trimester losses be offered a blood test called a chromosome analysis - also called a karyotype - to look for balanced chromosome rearrangements. About one in 20 couples with three or more miscarriages will have one partner with a balanced chromosome rearrangement - either a translocation where two chromosomes have switched pieces; or an inversion in which part of a chromosome has flipped upside down. People with these chromosome changes are at significant risk for miscarriage with each conception. Their reproductive options include trying until they achieve an ongoing pregnancy or using a technology called Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) along with in vitro fertilization (IVF) in order to select embryos free of unbalanced chromosome abnormalities which are more likely to create ongoing healthy pregnancies. This type of testing will be discussed further in a future article.

What about couples who have gone through a full medical work-up and no cause has been found for their losses? Unfortunately, this is not uncommon; about half of couples with recurrent miscarriages are left with no specific answers. What do we know in this situation? Well, first, we know that over 50% of all first trimester miscarriages are caused by chromosome abnormalities - extra or missing whole chromosomes that occur by chance when the egg or sperm is formed - a condition called 'aneuploidy'.

We also know that couples who have had a pregnancy loss with a documented chromosome abnormality are at slightly increased risk to have another pregnancy with a chromosome abnormality. In addition, a number of recent studies suggest that some couples with recurrent pregnancy losses in which no cause for the miscarriages has been identified appear to have a higher number of embryos with chromosome abnormalities than expected. Couples in either of these situations - prior pregnancy with an identified chromosome abnormality or unknown cause for their losses - have the opportunity to consider another reproductive option instead of 'trying again'.

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) for aneuploidy, also called Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS) - is used along with in vitro fertilization (IVF) to screen one cell of an early embryo for extra or missing chromosomes. Over 90% of embryos with aneuploidy will either not implant or will end in early miscarriage, generally before the end of the first trimester. Other forms of aneuploidy can results in later miscarriage, stillbirth or the birth of a baby with a chromosome syndrome such as Down syndrome.

By testing embryos prior to transfer to the mother's uterus, you and your IVF doctor have the opportunity to choose to transfer those embryos most likely to have normal chromosomes, and, therefore, most likely to implant, and least likely to miscarry. A number of studies have suggested that Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for aneuploidy may be beneficial in reducing the rate of miscarriage for couples with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Many couples who have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss have successful natural pregnancies without IVF and PGD for aneuploidy; in fact, research data indicates that even after three losses, the chance of having a subsequent successful pregnancy is about 40%. However, couples that want to attempt to lower their chances for miscarriage and increase their chances for ongoing pregnancy do have the option of IVF with PGD for aneuploidy.

Author: Barbara Pettersen

Barbara Pettersen, MS, CGC - Manager, Genetic Counseling Services at Gene Security Network (GSN) Barbara Pettersen is a board certified genetic counselor who has worked in the field of clinical genetics for over 26 years. She is using her expertise in preimplantation genetic screening at GSN to help families in their quest to have children free of serious genetic conditi